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A comprehensive guide to Regulation D — the securities law framework that makes startup fundraising possible. Covers Rules 504, 506(b), and 506(c), accredited investor requirements, Form D, and common pitfalls.
A comprehensive guide comparing income tax, capital gains, QSBS conformity, and estate tax across 11 states — plus scenario analysis and planning strategies for startup founders approaching an exit.
Anti-dilution provisions are among the most consequential — and least understood — terms in venture financing. Here's how they work, what they mean for your cap table, and what to negotiate.
Your cap table is the single source of truth for who owns what in your company. Here's how to build it right, model dilution scenarios, and avoid the mistakes that create chaos at your Series A.
Your equity compensation plan is one of the most important documents your startup will create. Here's how to structure it correctly — from pool sizing to vesting schedules to change of control provisions.
Convertible notes are debt instruments that convert to equity at your next priced round. Here's everything founders need to know about terms, mechanics, tax implications, and common mistakes.
ISOs and NSOs have fundamentally different tax treatment. Understanding those differences — including the AMT trap, the $100K limit, and post-termination rules — is essential for founders and employees.
Founder vesting protects everyone — co-founders, investors, and the company itself. Here's how to structure it correctly, including 83(b) elections, acceleration triggers, and the hard conversations.
If you're issuing stock options, you need a 409A valuation. Here's what every startup founder needs to know about the process, the safe harbor rules, and the costly mistakes to avoid.
SAFEs are the dominant instrument in pre-seed and seed financing, but "simple" doesn't mean uncomplicated. Learn how SAFEs actually work, what can go wrong, and what you need to know before you sign one.
